A Study of the Surah-Based Interpretation Approach Model from the Muktazilah Tafsir Perspective: An Analysis of Al-Tahzib fi al-Tafsir by Hakim Jushami

Abstract

This study examines the classical approach to interpreting the Quran, specifically the Mu'tazilah interpretation perspective, which emphasizes the presentation of interpretations in sequence according to the order of the surahs in the Quranic manuscript. Interpreters employ their own methods to explain each surah, providing relevant information that they deem essential to the interpretation. This study focuses on the al-Tahdhīb Fi’t-Tafsīr interpretation by Hakim al-Jushami, a prominent Mu'tazilah interpretation work from the late Mu'tazilah period. This work is notable for its significant influence on subsequent interpretations, including those of Zamakhshari and Tabarsi. The study aims to understand the form and model of interpretation employed by Mu'tazilah scholars, particularly Jushami, and to explore how they structure their interpretations. This library-based research employs a qualitative approach, with primary data sourced from al-Tahdhīb Fi’t-Tafsīr and secondary data obtained from related works, including Jushami's own writings and other notable tafsir works. Key findings indicate that Jushami's approach involves incorporating various information about each surah, including its origin, names, status, and virtues. He also employs the ulum al-Quran approach, which discusses the surah in shorter sections, as well as examines asbab al-Nuzul, I'rab, meaning, and laws. Furthermore, the study reveals that Jushami's interpretation often concludes with a nazzam chapter, which provides a comprehensive overview of the surah's structure and composition.